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ORTHOPAEDIC

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Total Joint Replacement

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Total Hip Replacement

Total hip replacement is a well-established treatment option for painful disorders of the hip in dogs.

What is it for?

Total hip replacement is most commonly recommended for hip dysplasia, a developmental condition that leads to painful arthritis in the hip joint. It is also an excellent option for dogs with arthritis caused by other issues such as previous trauma, severe hip fractures that cannot be repaired, or chronic hip luxation.


What does it involve?

In total hip replacement, the damaged ball and socket of the hip are replaced with synthetic implants. A metallic cup with a polyethylene liner is placed in the pelvis, and a metallic ball attached to a femoral stem replaces the femoral head. Together, these components create a smooth, low-friction joint surface.

At AOCF, we primarily use cementless implants, which allow the bone to grow securely onto the implant for long-term stability.

Cementless total hip replacement in a dog

Cementless total hip replacement in a dog


What is the recovery like?

Most dogs begin using the operated leg almost immediately after surgery, though support with a sling is needed for the first 2–4 weeks. Strict confinement during this early period is essential to protect the new joint.

Limb use typically improves gradually over the first several weeks. Leash walks are slowly increased over a 3-month recovery period. Follow-up X-rays are taken at around 3 months to confirm implant stability before returning to off-leash activity.


What is the expected outcome?

The success rate of total hip replacement is very high. More than 95% of dogs return to near-normal or fully normal activity with long-term comfort and mobility.

About 20% of patients eventually require surgery on the opposite hip due to arthritis, but once replaced, the implants generally last a lifetime.


What can go wrong?

Complications are uncommon but possible. The most frequent is hip dislocation, occurring in approximately 3–5% of cases. Other potential complications include fracture, nerve injury, or infection.

Careful surgical technique and strict adherence to postoperative instructions are the most important factors in minimizing risks and achieving an excellent long-term outcome.


How do I pick the right surgeon?

Experience and expertise strongly influence total hip replacement outcomes. Studies show that surgeons who perform a high number of hip replacements each year have fewer complications and better results.

Reasonable questions to ask your surgeon include:

  • How many total hip replacements do you perform annually?
  • What are your training and qualifications?
  • What is your complication rate?
  • What referral options exist if complications arise?

These questions can help ensure your pet receives the highest standard of care.


Why AOCF?

Animal Orthopaedic Clinic of Florida is led by a nationally recognized expert in joint replacement. Dr. Stanley Kim is an ACVS Founding Fellow in Joint Replacement Surgery—the highest level of formal recognition in this specialty.

This designation reflects extensive clinical experience, high surgical volume, meaningful contributions to scientific research, and leadership in training the next generation of orthopedic surgeons. Dr. Kim also mentored the first ACVS Fellow to complete a formal fellowship in joint replacement surgery.

At AOCF, we provide evidence-based, individualized treatment plans, ensuring your pet receives the best possible chance at long-term, pain-free mobility.

Total Knee replacement can help some dogs with severe arthritis. The damaged joint surfaces are replaced with specialized implants that restore comfortable, natural movement. This procedure can greatly reduce pain and allow dogs to return to good levels of activity.

AOCF is the only veterinary center in the southeastern United States offering total Knee replacement for dogs. These surgeries require careful case selection, detailed planning, and precise surgical technique to ensure the best possible outcome. If you or your veterinarian believes that your dog may benefit from this procedure, please contact us to learn more.

Total Ankle replacement can help some dogs with severe arthritis. The damaged joint surfaces are replaced with specialized implants that restore comfortable, natural movement. This procedure can greatly reduce pain and allow dogs to return to good levels of activity.

AOCF is the only veterinary center in the southeastern United States offering total Ankle replacement for dogs. These surgeries require careful case selection, detailed planning, and precise surgical technique to ensure the best possible outcome. If you or your veterinarian believes that your dog may benefit from this procedure,

Total Hip replacement can help some dogs with severe arthritis. The damaged joint surfaces are replaced with specialized implants that restore comfortable, natural movement. This procedure can greatly reduce pain and allow dogs to return to good levels of activity.

Animal Orthopedic Clinic of Florida is the only veterinary center in the southeastern United States offering total Hip replacement for dogs. These surgeries require careful case selection, detailed planning, and precise surgical technique to ensure the best possible outcome. If you or your veterinarian believes that your dog may benefit from this procedure, please contact us to learn more.

Total Elbow replacement can help some dogs with severe arthritis. The damaged joint surfaces are replaced with specialized implants that restore comfortable, natural movement. This procedure can greatly reduce pain and allow dogs to return to good levels of activity.

AOCF is the only veterinary center in the southeastern United States offering total Elbow replacement for dogs. These surgeries require careful case selection, detailed planning, and precise surgical technique to ensure the best possible outcome. If you or your veterinarian believes that your dog may benefit from this procedure, please contact us to learn more.

Why AOCF?

At Animal Orthopaedic Clinic of Florida, every patient benefits from unmatched expertise. Our head clinician is an internationally recognized leader and researcher in veterinary orthopaedic surgery. Using evidence-based, individualized care, we are dedicated to giving your dog the best chance at long-term, pain-free mobility.

Joint Replacement Research from AOCF Surgeons +
  • Carvajal JL, Karlin WM, Marcellin-Little DJ, Kowaleski MP, Verpaalen VD, Guiot LP, Chou PY, Barthelemy NP, Lotsikas PJ, Kim SE*. Breakage of cementless press-fit femoral stems following total hip arthroplasty in dogs: 14 cases (2013–2023). Vet Surg 2025; 54:561–572.
  • Carvajal JL, Timko SE, Kim SE, Lewis DD, Lee HB. Femoral stem placement for total hip arthroplasty using three-dimensional custom surgical guides in dogs. VCOT Open 2024; 7:e80–e86.
  • Horwood C, Carvajal JL, Pozzi A, Kim SE*. Complications and Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty in Dogs with Luxoid Hip Dysplasia: 18 Cases (2010–2022). Vet Surg 2024; 53:620–629.
  • Tinga S, Kim SE*, Kopp R, Tuyn D. Biomechanical comparison of canine femurs implanted with either cemented (CFX®) or cementless (with lateral bolt) (BFX®+lb) total hip replacement under 4-point bending or torsional loads. Frontiers Bioengineering 2023; 11:999271.
  • Carvajal J, Kim SE*. Proximal Femoral Deformity Correction and Total Hip Arthroplasty in a Dog Using Three-Dimensionally Printed Custom Guides. Vet Surg 2023; 52:168–175.
  • Carvajal J, Kim SE*. Acute-phase protein concentrations following uncomplicated total hip arthroplasty in dogs. Vet Surg 2022; 52:81–86.
  • DeArmond C, Kim SE*, Lewis DD, Biedrzycki A, Banks SA, Cook JL, Keister JD. Three-dimensional-printed custom guides for bipolar coxofemoral osteochondral allograft in dogs. PLOS One 2021; 16:e0244208.
  • Carvajal J, Kim SE*, Pozzi A. Use of a Cerclage Cable-Plate System for Stabilization of a Periprosthetic Femoral Fracture Following Total Hip Replacement in a Dog. Vet Surg 2019; 48:437–443.
  • Townsend S, Kim SE*, Pozzi A. Technique-related risk factors for BFX total hip replacement complications. Vet Surg 2017; 46:803–811.
  • Panjeton GD, Kim SE*, Chang K, Palm LS, Ifju P. Deformation of the Zurich cementless acetabular cup caused by implantation in a canine cadaver model. Vet Surg 2017; 46:441–447.
  • Christopher SA, Kim SE, Roe S, Pozzi A. Biomechanical evaluation of adjuctive cerclage wire for the prevention of periprosthetic femur fracture using cementless press fit total hip replacement. Vet J 2016; 214:7–9.
  • Desandre D, Kim SE*, Peck JN, Coggeshall JD, Tremolada G, Pozzi A. Effect of dorsal acetabular rim loss on stability of the Zurich cementless total hip acetabular cup in dogs. Vet Surg 2015; 44:195–199.
  • Montgomery ML, Kim SE*, Dyce J, Pozzi A. The effect of dorsal acetabular rim loss on the initial stability of the BioMedtrix cementless acetabular cup. BMC Vet Res 2015; 11(1):383.
  • Dan BJ, Kim SE*, Pozzi A. Diagnosis and Treatment of an Infected Total Hip Replacement Implant with Prosthesis Retention. J Small Anim Pract 2014; 55(11):585–588.